Alan Mathison Turing (23 June 1912 -- 7 June 1954) is a famous computer scientist in history. He is widely regarded as the founder of computer science and artificial intelligence. He made many contributions to computer science and artificial intelligence. The most notable contributions are the Turing machine, which laid the foundation for the logical method of working on modern computers, and the Turing test, a test method to determine whether a machine has intelligence.

Alan Turing proposed a hypothetical machine in 1936. Despite its simplicity, the machine can emulate any computer algorithm and perform mathematical operations instead of people. (Mullins 2012). Turing machine is a theoretical description of the computer; it proved the theory of general computation and affirmed the possibility of computer implementation; Turing machine gave the main framework of what a computer should be(Benčević 2019). Furthermore, Turing introduced the concepts of algorithms and programming languages in the Turing machine, this is a new concept in computer design(Benčević 2019).It can be said that Turing machines laid the foundation for the work of modern computer logic and that Turing made a significant contribution to computer science.

In 1950 Turing introduced a test in his paper (Computing Machinery and Intelligence). He named this test the Turing test and tried to define a standard for a machine and whether it has intelligence. The test consists of an AI, a human, and a human questioner; the human questioners' task is to distinguish which is human and which is AI(George and Gillis 2021). Even after 70 years, the Turing test is still significant. Now the Turing test is used in a wide range of Captcha services, such as Google's recaptcha. Image captcha is simple for humans, people can solve the task according to their knowledgeability and experience, but it is difficult for artificial intelligence(Zarras et al. 2019). The Turing test represents how well a machine understands human knowledge. So Turing also made an important contribution to the field of artificial intelligence.

Turing has been an irreplaceable influence in computer science and artificial intelligence. It can be said that without him, there would be no modern computer science. He is very notable in computer science, and everyone who can use a computer should know his name.