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Reasoning in this area is often called qualitative simulation.
The basic idea being:
-  Construct a sequence of discrete episodes that occur as qualitative
variable value changes.
 -  States are linked by qualitative rules that may be general.
 -  Rules may be applied to many objects simultaneously as they may all
influence each other -- constraint satisfaction used.
 
-  Ambiguity may arise so split outcomes into different paths and form a
network of all possible states and transitions.
 -  Each path is called a history the network an envisionment.
 -  In order to achieve effective programs for this we must know how to
represent the behaviour of many kinds of processes, materials and the world in
which they act.
 
 
dave@cs.cf.ac.uk